Insights:
- A total of 17 ICDs operate in Vietnam, serving as key hubs for customs clearance and logistics.
- These are strategically located in 12 localities, including Hà Nội, Hải Phòng, Bắc Ninh, and Đồng Nai.
Vietnam has officially recognized 17 inland container depots (ICDs) across 12 provinces and centrally-governed cities, marking a significant advancement in the nation’s logistics infrastructure. These ICDs, also known as dry ports, are pivotal in streamlining cargo movement, reducing congestion at seaports, and enhancing the efficiency of import-export activities.
Understanding inland container depots (ICDs)
ICDs are inland facilities equipped to handle and temporarily store containerized cargo. They serve as extensions of seaports, facilitating customs clearance, cargo consolidation, and distribution. By bringing port services closer to industrial and commercial centers, ICDs reduce transportation costs and time, thereby boosting trade efficiency.
According to Government Decree No. 38/2017/ND-CP, dated April 4, 2017, ICDs are integral to Vietnam’s transportation infrastructure. They support operations of seaports, airports, inland waterway ports, railway stations, and border checkpoints, while also functioning as customs clearance sites for imports and exports.
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Geographical distribution of ICDs
The 17 ICDs are strategically distributed to optimize logistics across the country:
- Hải Phòng City: Leading with four ICDs—Tân Cảng Hải Phòng, Đình Vũ–Quảng Bình, Hoàng Thành, and Nam Đình Vũ—this northern port city plays a central role in maritime trade.
- Bắc Ninh Province: Home to three ICDs—Tân Cảng Quế Võ, Tiên Sơn, and Tân Chi—supporting the province’s industrial zones.
- Đồng Nai Province: In the south, Đồng Nai hosts two ICDs—Tân Cảng Nhơn Trạch and Tân Cảng Long Bình—facilitating cargo movement in the southern economic region.
- Other Provinces and Cities: The remaining eight ICDs are located in Lào Cai, Phú Thọ, Quảng Ninh, Hà Nam, Ninh Bình, Hà Nội, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu, and Bình Dương, ensuring nationwide coverage.
Functions and services of ICDs
ICDs perform several critical functions:
- Cargo Handling: Receiving and dispatching containerized goods, loading and unloading cargo from containers.
- Storage: Providing temporary storage for goods and containers, facilitating inventory management.
- Maintenance: Offering container maintenance and repair services to ensure the integrity of cargo units.
- Customs Clearance: Serving as customs clearance points, streamlining import and export procedures.
These services collectively enhance the efficiency of the supply chain, reduce bottlenecks at seaports, and support the growth of Vietnam’s trade activities.
Strategic importance in national logistics
The establishment of ICDs aligns with Vietnam’s broader strategy to develop a robust and integrated logistics network. By decentralizing cargo handling and customs processes, ICDs alleviate pressure on major seaports and contribute to balanced regional development.
Moreover, ICDs facilitate multimodal transportation, connecting road, rail, and inland waterways, which is essential for a country with diverse geographical features. This integration enhances the resilience and flexibility of the logistics system, crucial for adapting to market demands and global trade dynamics.
Future outlook
The Vietnamese government continues to prioritize the expansion and modernization of its logistics infrastructure. Plans are underway to develop additional ICDs and upgrade existing ones, incorporating advanced technologies to improve operational efficiency.
Investments in smart logistics solutions, such as automated cargo handling systems and digital tracking platforms, are expected to further streamline operations. These advancements will position Vietnam as a competitive player in the regional and global logistics landscape.
Conclusion
The recognition of 17 inland container depots (ICDs) across 12 provinces is a key milestone in Vietnam’s efforts to modernize its logistics system. These ICDs help reduce pressure on crowded seaports by bringing cargo handling and customs clearance closer to production areas and industrial zones. With strategic locations near key transport routes, they support the smooth flow of goods across the country and improve efficiency in import and export activities.
As Vietnam deepens its integration into global trade networks, the role of ICDs will continue to grow. They are not only logistics hubs but also essential links connecting road, rail, sea, and air transport. By improving cost-efficiency, shortening delivery times, and supporting customs processes, ICDs help strengthen the country’s supply chain and create a more competitive environment for local and international businesses.
